1. Asbury AK, Cornblath DR. Assessment of current diagnostic criteria for Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Ann Neurol 1990;27 Suppl:S21-S24.
2. Kuwabara S, Yuki N. Axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome: concepts and controversies.
Lancet Neurol 2013;12:1180-1188.
3. Wakerley BR, Uncini A, Yuki N. Guillain-Barré and Miller Fisher syndromes--new diagnostic classification.
Nat Rev Neurol 2014;10:537-544.
4. Yuki N, Hartung HP. Guillain-Barré syndrome.
N Engl J Med 2012;366:2294-2304.
5. Chiba A, Kusunoki S, Shimizu T, Kanazawa I. Serum IgG antibody to ganglioside GQ1b is a possible marker of Miller Fisher syndrome.
Ann Neurol 1992;31:677-679.
6. Koga M, Yuki N, Ariga T, Morimatsu M, Hirata K. Is IgG anti-GT1a antibody associated with pharyngeal-cervical-brachial weakness or oropharyngeal palsy in Guillain-Barré syndrome?
J Neuroimmunol 1998;86:74-79.
7. Halstead SK, Zitman FMP, Humphreys PD, Greenshields K, Verschuuren JJ, Jacobs BC, et al. Eculizumab prevents anti-ganglioside antibody-mediated neuropathy in a murine model.
Brain 2008;131:1197-1208.
8. Kuwabara S, Misawa S. Future treatment for Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Clin Exp Neuroimmunol 2016;7:320-323.
9. Guillain G, Barré JA, Strohl A. Sur un syndrome de radiculo-nevrite avec hyperalbuminose du liquode cephalo-rachidien sans reaction cellulaire : remarques sur les caracteres cliniques et graphiques des reflexes tendineux. Bell Mem Soc Med Paris 1916;40:1462-1470.
10. Wijdicks EF, Klein CJ. Guillain-Barré Syndrome.
Mayo Clin Proc 2017;92:467-479.
11. Doets AY, Verboon C, van den Berg B, Harbo T, Cornblath DR, Willison HJ, et al. Regional variation of Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Brain 2018;141:2866-2877.
12. Bae JS, Yuki N, Kuwabara S, Kim JK, Vucic S, Lin CS, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome in Asia.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2014;85:907-913.
13. Kim JK, Bae JS, Kim DS, Kusunoki S, Kim JE, Kim JS, et al. Prevalence of anti-ganglioside antibodies and their clinical correlates with Guillain-Barré syndrome in Korea: a nationwide multicenter study.
J Clin Neurol 2014;10:94-97.
14. Jacobs BC, Rothbarth PH, van der Meché FG, Herbrink P, Schmitz PI, de Klerk MA, et al. The spectrum of antecedent infections in Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case-control study.
Neurology 1998;51:1110-1115.
15. Cao-Lormeau VM, Blake A, Mons S, Lastere S, Roche C, Vanhomwegen J, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome outbreak associated with Zika virus infection in French Polynesia: a case-control study.
Lancet 2016;387:1531-1539.
16. Schonberger LB, Bregman DJ, Sullivan-Bolyai JZ, Keenlyside RA, Ziegler DW, Retailliau HF, et al. Guillain-Barre syndrome following vaccination in the national influenza immunization program, United States, 1976-1977.
Am J Epidemiol 1979;110:105-123.
17. Fiore AE, Shay DK, Broder K, Iskander JK, Uyeki TM, Mootrey G, et al. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2009. MMWR Recomm Rep 2009;58:1-52.
18. Willison HJ, Jacobs BC, Van Doorn PA. Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Lancet 2016;388:717-727.
19. Asbury AK, Arnason BG, Adams RD. The inflammatory lesion in idiopathic polyneuritis. Its role in pathogenesis.
Medicine (Baltimore) 1969;48:173-215.
20. Macko CEH, Sheikh KA, Li CY, Ho TW, Cornblath DR, McKhann GM, et al. Immune attack on the schwann cell surface in acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.
Ann Neurol 1996;39:625-635.
21. Hartung HP, Toyka KV. T-cell and macrophage activation in experimental autoimmune neuritis and Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Ann Neurol 1990;27 Suppl:S57-S63.
22. Yuki N, Taki T, Inagaki F, Kasama T, Takahashi M, Saito K, et al. A bacterium lipopolysaccharide that elicits Guillain-Barré syndrome has a GM1 ganglioside-like structure.
J Exp Med 1993;178:1771-1775.
23. Koga M, Gilbert M, Li J, Koike S, Takahashi M, Furukawa K, et al. Antecedent infections in Fisher syndrome: a common pathogenesis of molecular mimicry.
Neurology 2005;64:1605-1611.
24. Houliston RS, Koga M, Li J, Jarrell HC, Richards JC, Vitiazeva V, et al. A Haemophilus influenzae strain associated with Fisher syndrome expresses a novel disialylated ganglioside mimic.
Biochemistry 2007;46:8164-8171.
25. Ito M, Kuwabara S, Odaka M, Misawa S, Koga M, Hirata K, et al. Bickerstaff 's brainstem encephalitis and Fisher syndrome form a continuous spectrum: clinical analysis of 581 cases.
J Neurol 2008;255:674-682.
26. Arai M, Susuki K, Koga M. Axonal pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome without anti-GT1a IgG antibody.
Muscle Nerve 2003;28:246-250.
27. Kim JK, Kim YH, Yoon BA, Cho JY, Oh SY, Shin HY, et al. Clinical heterogeneity of anti-GM2-ganglioside-antibody syndrome.
J Clin Neurol 2018;14:401-406.
28. Kaida K, Morita D, Kanzaki M, Kamakura K, Motoyoshi K, Hirakawa M, et al. Ganglioside complexes as new target antigens in Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Ann Neurol 2004;56:567-571.
29. Huh SY, Lee SY, Lee JH, Lee WG, Kim JK, Yoon BA, et al. A variant Guillain-Barré syndrome with anti-ganglioside complex antibody.
J Neurocrit Care 2018;11:134-136.
30. Kimachi T, Yuki N, Kokubun N, Yamaguchi S, Wakerley BR. Paraparetic Guillain-Barré syndrome: nondemyelinating reversible conduction failure restricted to the lower limbs.
Muscle Nerve 2017;55:281-285.
31. van Doorn PA, Ruts L, Jacobs BC. Clinical features, pathogenesis, and treatment of Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Lancet Neurol 2008;7:939-950.
32. Sejvar JJ, Baughman AL, Wise M, Morgan OW. Population incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Neuroepidemiology 2011;36:123-133.
33. Fokke C, van den Berg B, Drenthen J, Walgaard C, van Doorn PA, Jacobs BC. Diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome and validation of Brighton criteria.
Brain 2014;137:33-43.
34. Feasby TE, Hahn AF, Brown WF, Bolton CF, Gilbert JJ, Koopman WJ. Severe axonal degeneration in acute Guillain-Barré syndrome: evidence of two different mechanisms?
J Neurol Sci 1993;116:185-192.
35. Visser LH, Van der Meché FG, van Doorn PA, Meulstee J, Jacobs BC, Oomes PG, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome without sensory loss (acute motor neuropathy). A subgroup with specific clinical, electrodiagnostic and laboratory features. Dutch Guillain-Barré study group.
Brain 1995;118(Pt 4):841-847.
36. Ruts L, Drenthen J, Jacobs BC, van Doorn PA, Dutch GBS Study Group. Distinguishing acute-onset CIDP from fluctuating Guillain-Barré syndrome: a prospective study.
Neurology 2010;74:1680-1686.
37. Capasso M, Notturno F, Manzoli C, Uncini A. Involvement of sensory fibres in axonal subtypes of Guillain-Barré syndrome.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2011;82:664-670.
38. Hadden RD, Cornblath DR, Hughes RA, Zielasek J, Hartung HP, Toyka KV, et al. Electrophysiological classification of Guillain-Barré syndrome: clinical associations and outcome. Plasma exchange/sandoglobulin Guillain-Barré syndrome trial group.
Ann Neurol 1998;44:780-788.
39. Shin JH, Choi KD, Kim DS, Jung DS, Park KH. Electrophysiological classification of Guillain-Barré syndrome: sequential changes in electrophysiologic findings. J Korean Neurol Assoc 2002;20:630-633.
40. Kim JD, Kim MK, Ahn JY, Kim JY, Kim BJ, Kim JY. Clinical characteristics of the subtypes of Guillain-Barré syndrome according to the electrodiagnostic criteria. J Korean Neurol Assoc 2001;19:503-508.
41. Capasso M, Caporale CM, Pomilio F, Gandolfi P, Lugaresi A, Uncini A. Acute motor conduction block neuropathy another Guillain-Barré syndrome variant.
Neurology 2003;61:617-622.
42. Susuki K, Rasband MN, Tohyama K, Koibuchi K, Okamoto S, Funakoshi K, et al. Anti-GM1 antibodies cause complement-mediated disruption of sodium channel clusters in peripheral motor nerve fibers.
J Neurosci 2007;27:3956-3967.
43. Kokubun N, Nishibayashi M, Uncini A, Odaka M, Hirata K, Yuki N. Conduction block in acute motor axonal neuropathy.
Brain 2010;133:2897-2908.
44. Susuki K, Yuki N, Schafer DP, Hirata K, Zhang G, Funakoshi K, et al. Dysfunction of nodes of Ranvier: a mechanism for anti-ganglioside antibody-mediated neuropathies.
Exp Neurol 2012;233:534-542.
45. Fisher M. An unusual variant of acute idiopathic polyneuritis (syndrome of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia).
N Engl J Med 1956;255:57-65.
46. Funakoshi K, Kuwabara S, Odaka M, Hirata K, Yuki N. Clinical predictors of mechanical ventilation in Fisher/Guillain-Barré overlap syndrome.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2009;80:60-64.
47. Lee SH, Lim GH, Kim JS, Oh SY, Kim JK, Cha JK, et al. Acute ophthalmoplegia (without ataxia) associated with anti-GQ1b antibody.
Neurology 2008;71:426-429.
48. Uchibori A, Gyohda A, Chiba A. Ca(2+)-dependent anti-GQ1b antibody in GQ1b-seronegative Fisher syndrome and related disorders.
J Neuroimmunol 2016;298:172-177.
49. Odaka M, Yuki N, Hirata K. Anti-GQ1b IgG antibody syndrome: clinical and immunological range.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001;70:50-55.
50. Kim JK. Anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome; is the another name of Miller Fisher syndrome or advent of a new syndrome? J Korean Neurol Assoc 2009;27:307-312.
51. Ryu WY, Kim YH, Yoon BA, Park HT, Bae JS, Kim JK. Pattern of extraocular muscle involvements in Miller Fisher syndrome.
J Clin Neurol (in press).
52. Ueno T, Kon T, Kurihara AI, Tomiyama M. Unilateral oculomotor nerve palsy following Campylobacter infection: a mild form of Miller Fisher syndrome without ataxia.
Intern Med 2017;56:2929-2932.
53. Bae JS, Kim JK, Kim SH, Kim OK. Bilateral internal ophthalmoplegia as an initial sole manifestation of Miller Fisher syndrome.
J Clin Neurosci 2009;16:963-964.
54. Pan CL, Yuki N, Koga M, Chiang MC, Hsieh ST. Acute sensory ataxic neuropathy associated with monospecific anti-GD1b IgG antibody.
Neurology 2001;57:1316-1318.
55. Kusunoki S, Shimizu J, Chiba A, Ugawa Y, Hitoshi S, Kanazawa I. Experimental sensory neuropathy induced by sensitization with ganglioside GD1b.
Ann Neurol 1996;39:424-431.
56. Kim JK, Kim BJ, Shin HY, Shin KJ, Nam TS, Oh J, et al. Acute bulbar palsy as a variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Neurology 2016;86:742-747.
57. Kim SY, Kim JK, Suh CK. Polycranial neuropathy and sensory ataxia with IgG anti-GD1a antibody as a variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome.
J Clin Neurosci 2013;20:473-475.
58. Susuki K, Koga M, Hirata K, Isogai E, Yuki N. A Guillain-Barré syndrome variant with prominent facial diplegia.
J Neurol 2009;256:1899-1905.
59. Kim JK, Oh SY, Sohn EH, Hong YH, Jun SM, Bae JS. When is facial diplegia regarded as a variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome?
J Peripher Nerv Syst 2015;20:32-36.
60. Zaeem Z, Siddiqi ZA, Zochodne DW. Autonomic involvement in Guillain-Barré syndrome: an update.
Clin Auton Res 2018;Jul. 17. [Epub ahead of print].
61. Chen A, Kim J, Henderson G, Berkowitz A. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in Guillain-Barré syndrome.
J Clin Neurosci 2015;22:914-916.
62. Shiraiwa N, Umesawa M, Hoshino S, Enomoto T, Kusunoki S, Tamaoka A, et al. Miller Fisher syndrome with sinus arrest.
Neurol Int 2017;9:7312.
63. Asahina M, Kuwabara S, Suzuki A, Hattori T. Autonomic function in demyelinating and axonal subtypes of Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Acta Neurol Scand 2002;105:44-50.
64. Sejvar JJ, Kohl KS, Gidudu J, Amato A, Bakshi N, Baxter R, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome and Fisher syndrome: case definitions and guidelines for collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data.
Vaccine 2011;29:599-612.
65. Choe YJ, Cho H, Bae GR, Lee JK. Guillain-Barré syndrome following receipt of influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent vaccine in Korea with an emphasis on Brighton collaboration case definition.
Vaccine 2011;29:2066-2070.
66. Wakerley BR, Kokubun N, Funakoshi K, Nagashima T, Hirata K, Yuki N. Clinical classification of 103 Japanese patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome.
J Neurol Sci 2016;369:43-47.
67. Cornblath DR, Mellits ED, Griffin JW, McKhann GM, Albers Jw, Miller RG, et al. Motor conduction studies in Guillain-Barré syndrome: description and prognostic value.
Ann Neurol 1988;23:354-359.
68. Vucic S, Cairns KD, Black KR, Chong PST, Cros D. Neurophysiologic findings in early acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.
Clin Neurophysiol 2004;115:2329-2335.
69. Derksen A, Ritter C, Athar P, Kieseier BC, Mancias P, Hartung HP, et al. Sural sparing pattern discriminates Guillain-Barré syndrome from its mimics.
Muscle Nerve 2014;50:780-784.
70. Uncini A, Kuwabara S. Electrodiagnostic criteria for Guillain-Barrè syndrome: a critical revision and the need for an update.
Clin Neurophysiol 2012;123:1487-1495.
71. Koo YS, Shin HY, Kim JK, Nam TS, Shin KJ, Bae JS, et al. Early electrodiagnostic features of upper extremity sensory nerves can differentiate axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome from acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.
J Clin Neurol 2016;12:495-501.
72. Pyun SY, Kang MR, Lee JY, Kim JK, Oh SI, Bae JS. Early discrimination of sensorimotor Guillain-Barré syndrome into demyelinating or axonal subtype by automated nerve excitability testing.
J Peripher Nerv Syst 2017;22:85-91.
73. The Guillain-Barré syndrome Study Group. Plasmapheresis and acute Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Neurology 1985;35:1096-1104.
74. Hughes RAC, Swan AV, van Doorn PA. Intravenous immunoglobulin for Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;46:CD002063.
75. Korinthenberg R, Schessl J, Kirschner J, Mönting JS. Intravenously administered immunoglobulin in the treatment of childhood Guillain-Barré syndrome: a randomized trial.
Pediatrics 2005;116:8-14.
76. Randomised trial of plasma exchange, intravenous immunoglobulin, and combined treatments in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Plasma exchange/sandoglobulin Guillain-Barré syndrome trial group.
Lancet 1997;349:225-230.
77. Verboon C, van Doorn PA, Jacobs BC. Treatment dilemmas in Guillain-Barré syndrome.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2017;88:346-352.
78. Wang YZ, Lv H, Shi QG, Fan XT, Li L, Yi Wong AH, et al. Action mechanism of corticosteroids to aggravate Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Sci Rep 2015;5:13931.
79. Walgaard C, Jacobs BC, Lingsma HF, Steyerberg EW, Cornblath DR, van Doorn PA, et al. Second IVIg course in Guillain-Barré syndrome patients with poor prognosis (SID-GBS trial): protocol for a double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
J Peripher Nerv Syst 2018;23:210-215.
80. Mori K, Hattori N, Sugiura M, Koike H, Misu K, Ichimura M, et al. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy presenting with features of GBS.
Neurology 2002;58:979-982.
81. Kang SJ, Kim JK, Lee JH, Kim SW. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy presenting as features of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Ann Clin Neurophysiol 2008;10:70-73.
82. Davidson AI, Halstead SK, Goodfellow JA, Chavada G, Mallik A, Overell J, et al. Inhibition of complement in Guillain-Barré syndrome: the ICA-GBS study.
J Peripher Nerv Syst 2017;22:4-12.
83. Misawa S, Kuwabara S, Sato Y, Yamaguchi N, Nagashima K, Katayama K, et al. Safety and efficacy of eculizumab in Guillain-Barré syndrome: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised phase 2 trial.
Lancet Neurol 2018;17:519-529.
84. McGonigal R, Cunningham ME, Yao D, Barrie JA, Sankaranarayanan S, Fewou SN, et al. C1q-targeted inhibition of the classical complement pathway prevents injury in a novel mouse model of acute motor axonal neuropathy.
Acta Neuropathol Commun 2016;4:23.
85. Netto AB, Taly AB, Kulkarni GB, Rao UGS, Rao S. Mortality in mechanically ventilated patients of Guillain-Barré Syndrome.
Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2011;14:262-266.
86. van Koningsveld R, Steyerberg EW, Hughes RAC, Swan AV, van Doorn PA, Jacobs BC. A clinical prognostic scoring system for Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Lancet Neurol 2007;6:589-594.
87. Bae JS, Kim YJ, Kim JK. Diabetes mellitus exacerbates the clinical and electrophysiological features of Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Eur J Neurol 2016;23:439-446.
88. Halstead SK, Kalna G, Islam MB, Jahan I, Mohammad QD, Jacobs BC, et al. Microarray screening of Guillain-Barré syndrome sera for antibodies to glycolipid complexes.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2016;3:e284.
89. Kaida K, Kanzaki M, Morita D, Kamakura K, Motoyoshi K, Hirakawa M, et al. Anti-ganglioside complex antibodies in Miller Fisher syndrome.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006;77:1043-1046.
90. Morikawa M, Kuwahara M, Ueno R, Samukawa M, Hamada Y, Kusunoki S. Serological study using glycoarray for detecting antibodies to glycolipids and glycolipid complexes in immune-mediated neuropathies.
J Neuroimmunol 2016;301:35-40.