![]() | Figure.Photograph and imaging studies of the patient. (A) Tongue is mildly atrophied and deviated to the right during protrusion.(B) Fast spoiled gradient-echo (FSPGR) MRI demonstrates heterogenous hyperintense lesions around the right hypoglossal canal (long arrow). (B) Normal appearance of the left hypoglossal nerve (short arrow) and the borders of the hypoglossal canal (arrowheads) are depicted. (C) Source image of three-dimensional time-of-flight. (D) MR angiography shows high signal intensity around the right hypoglossal canal. MR angiography reveals abnormal vascularity lateral and superior to the right side of the foramen magnum. (E) Cerebral angiography demonstrates dural arteriovenous fistula supplied by the ascending pharyngeal artery with drainage into the internal jugular vein. (F) Follow-up MRI shows regression of the hyperintense lesions around the right hypoglossal canal. FSPGR; fast spoiled gradient-echo, MRI; magnetic resonance imaging, TOF; time-of-flight, MR; magnetic resonance. |