1. Schapira AH, Jenner P. Etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
Mov Disord 2011;26:1049-1055.
2. Jenner P. Oxidative stress in Parkinson’s disease. Ann Neurol 2003;53:26-36.
3. Ott M, Gogvadze V, Orrenius S, Zhivotovsky B. Mitochondria, oxidative stress and cell death.
Apoptosis 2007;12:913-922.
4. Nicotra A, Parvez S. Apoptotic molecules and MPTP-induced cell death.
Neurotoxicol Teratol 2002;24:599-605.
5. Kotake Y, Ohta S. MPP
+ analogs acting on mitochondria and inducing neuro-degeneration.
Curr Med Chem 2003;10:2507-2516.
6. Storch A, Ludolph AC, Schwarz J. Dopamine transporter: involvement in selective dopaminergic neurotoxicity and degeneration.
J Neural Transm 2004;111:1267-1286.
7. Naoi M, Maruyama W, Inaba-Hasegawa K. Type A and B monoamine oxidase in age-related neurodegenerative disorders: their distinct roles in neuronal death and survival.
Curr Top Med Chem 2012;12:2177-2188.
8. Venderova K, Park DS. Programmed cell death in Parkinson's disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2012;3:pii: a009365.
9. Jiang J, Xu S, Kong Y. Pharmacological studies of trilex on treatment of pharyngitis.
Zhong Yao Cai 2000;23:630-632.
10. Zhao LC, He Y, Deng X, Xia XH, Liang J, Yang GL, et al. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of syringin from the bark of Ilex Rotunda thumb using response surface methodology.
Int J Mol Sci 2012;13:7607-7616.
11. Choi J, Shin KM, Park HJ, Jung HJ, Kim HJ, Lee YS, et al. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of sinapyl alcohol and its glucoside syringin.
Planta Med 2004;70:1027-1032.
12. Kim YJ, Jung EB, Lee MS, Seo SJ, Kim MH, Lee MW, et al. Rotundarpene inhibits toll-like receptor 2 activation-induced production of inflammatory mediators in keratinocytes by suppressing the Akt and NF-κB pathways.
Int Immunopharmacol 2014;18:325-332.
13. Lee DH, Nam YJ, Kim YJ, Lee MW, Lee CS. Rotundarpene prevents TRAIL-induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes by suppressing the caspase-8- and Bid-pathways and the mitochondrial pathway.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2014;387:1209-1219.
14. Kim MH, Park KH, Oh MH, Kim HH, Choe KI, Park SH, et al. Two new hemiterpene glycosides from the leaves of Ilex Rotunda. Thunb.
Arch Pharm Res 2012;35:1779-1784.
15. Lipman T, Tabakman R, Lazarovici P. Neuroprotective effects of the stable nitroxide compound Tempol on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion-induced neurotoxicity in the Nerve Growth Factor-differentiated model of pheochromocytoma PC12 cells.
Eur J Pharmacol 2006;549:50-57.
16. Wu Y, Shang Y, Sun SG, Liu RG, Yang WQ. Protective effect of erythropoietin against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced neurodegenaration in PC12 cells.
Neurosci Bull 2007;23:156-164.
17. Bonuccelli U, Del Dotto P. New pharmacological horizons in the treatment of Parkinson disease.
Neurology 2006;67(7 Suppl 2):S30-S38.
18. Tatton WG, Chalmers-Redman RM, Ju WJ, Mammen M, Carlile GW, Pong AW, et al. Propargylamines induce antiapoptotic new protein synthesis in serum-and nerve growth factor (NGF)-withdrawn, NGF-differentiated PC-12 cells.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002;301:753-764.
19. Mosmann T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays.
J Immunol Methods 1983;65:55-63.
20. Andrisano V, Ballardini R, Hrelia P, Cameli N, Tosti A, Gotti R, et al. Studies on the photostability and in vitro phototoxicity of Labetalol.
Eur J Pharm Sci 2001;12:495-504.
21. Berthier A, Lemaire-Ewing S, Prunet C, Monier S, Athias A, Bessede G, et al. Involvement of a calcium-dependent dephosphorylation of BAD associated with the localization of Trpc-1 within lipid rafts in 7-ketocholesterol-induced THP-1 cell apoptosis.
Cell Death Differ 2004;11:897-905.
22. Fu W, Luo H, Parthasarathy S, Mattson MP. Catecholamines potentiate amyloid β-peptide neurotoxicity: involvement of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and perturbed calcium homeostasis.
Neurobiol Dis 1998;5:229-243.
23. van Klaveren RJ, Hoet PH, Pype JL, Demedts M, Nemery B. Increase in γ-glutamyltransferase by glutathione depletion in rat type II pneumocytes.
Free Radic Biol Med 1997;22:525-534.
24. Hissin PJ, Hilf R. A fluorometric method for determination of oxidized and reduced glutathione in tissues.
Anal Biochem 1976;74:214-226.
25. Jin Z, El-Deiry WS. Overview of cell death signaling pathways.
Cancer Biol Ther 2005;4:139-163.
26. Camins A, Pallas M, Silvestre JS. Apoptotic mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative diseases: experimental and therapeutic approaches.
Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 2008;30:43-65.
27. Chen F, Wang W, El-Deiry WS. Current strategies to target p53 in cancer.
Biochem Pharmacol 2010;80:724-730.
28. Mignotte B, Vayssière JL. Mitochondria and apoptosis.
Eur J Biochem 1998;252:1-15.
29. Ramalingam M, Kim SJ. Reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and their functional correlations in neurodegenerative diseases.
J Neural Transm 2012;119:891-910.
30. Franco R, Cidlowski JA. Apoptosis and glutathione: beyond an antioxidant.
Cell Death Differ 2009;16:1303-1314.
31. Circu ML, Aw TY. Glutathione and apoptosis.
Free Radic Res 2008;42:689-706.